Description: <DIV STYLE="text-align:Left;"><DIV><DIV><P><SPAN><SPAN>A plant's performance is governed by the total climate: length of growing season, timing and amount of rainfall, winter lows, summer highs, wind, and humidity. </SPAN></SPAN></P><P><SPAN><SPAN>Sunset's climate zone maps take all these factors into account, unlike the familiar hardiness zone maps devised by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, which divides most of North America into zones based strictly on winter lows. </SPAN></SPAN></P><P><SPAN>The U.S.D.A. maps tell you only where a plant may survive the winter; our climate zone maps let you see where that plant will thrive year-round. </SPAN></P><P><SPAN><SPAN>Sunset's Climate Zones consider temperature as well as other important factors:</SPAN></SPAN></P><P><SPAN STYLE="font-weight:bold;"><SPAN>Latitude</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN /><SPAN><SPAN>Generally, the farther an area is from the equator, the longer and colder are its winters. Closer to the poles, the number of daylight hours increases in summer and decreases in winter. </SPAN></SPAN></P><P><SPAN STYLE="font-weight:bold;"><SPAN>Elevation</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN /><SPAN><SPAN>Gardens high above sea level get longer and colder winters, often with intense sunlight, and lower night temperatures all year. </SPAN></SPAN></P><P><SPAN STYLE="font-weight:bold;"><SPAN>Ocean influence</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN /><SPAN><SPAN>Weather that blows in off the oceans and the Great Lakes tends to be mild and laden with moisture in the cool season. </SPAN></SPAN></P><P><SPAN STYLE="font-weight:bold;"><SPAN>Continental air influence</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN /><SPAN><SPAN>The North American continent generates its own weather, which ― compared with coastal climates ― is colder in winter, hotter in summer, and more likely to get precipitation any time of year. The farther inland you live, the stronger this continental influence. Wind also becomes a major factor in open interior climates. </SPAN></SPAN></P><P><SPAN STYLE="font-weight:bold;"><SPAN>Mountains, hills, and valleys</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN /><SPAN><SPAN>In the West, the Coast Ranges take some marine influence out of the air that passes eastward over them. The Sierra-Cascades and Southern California’s interior mountains further weaken marine influence. </SPAN></SPAN></P><P /><P><SPAN STYLE="font-weight:bold;"><SPAN>Microclimates</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN /><SPAN><SPAN>Local terrain can sharply modify the climate within any zone. South-facing slopes get more solar heat than flat land and north-facing slopes. Slope also affects airflow: warm air rises, cold air sinks. </SPAN></SPAN></P><P><SPAN><SPAN>Because hillsides are never as cold in winter as the hilltops above them or the ground below them, they’re called thermal belts. Lowland areas into which cold air flows are called cold-air basins. </SPAN></SPAN></P><P><SPAN><SPAN>Microclimates also exist within every garden. All else being equal, garden beds on the south side of an east-west wall, for example, will be much warmer than garden beds on the north side of the same wall.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P><SPAN /></P></DIV></DIV></DIV>